在SpringBoot中集成消息队列通常使用Spring的Messaging模块和相关的库。常见的消息队列有RabbitMQ、Kafka、ActiveMQ等。
下面以集成RabbitMQ为例来介绍如何在SpringBoot中集成消息队列:
- 添加依赖:在
pom.xml
中添加RabbitMQ的依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.properties
或application.yml
中配置RabbitMQ的连接信息:spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
RabbitTemplate
发送消息到RabbitMQ。importorg.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
publicclassMessageProducer{
@Autowired
privateRabbitTemplaterabbitTemplate;
publicvoidsendMessage(Stringmessage){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchangeName","routingKey",message);
}
}
@RabbitListener
注解监听RabbitMQ消息队列。importorg.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
publicclassMessageConsumer{
@RabbitListener(queues="queueName")
publicvoidhandleMessage(Stringmessage){
System.out.println("Receivedmessage:"+message);
}
}
sendMessage
方法,消息消费者会监听queueName
队列并处理接收到的消息。这样就完成了在SpringBoot中集成RabbitMQ消息队列。其他消息队列的集成方式类似,只需要替换对应的依赖和配置信息即可。